Final answer:
Asthma is a reactive airway disease characterized by bronchospasm, edema, and excessive mucus production, leading to difficulty breathing. Symptoms are reversible with treatment, and triggers should be avoided.
Step-by-step explanation:
Reactive airway disease, specifically asthma, is characterized by several key features, including bronchospasm, swelling (edema), and the production of excessive mucus. These factors lead to constriction and obstruction of the airways, making breathing difficult. During an asthma episode, the muscles around the airways tighten and the lining of the air passages swell. This response reduces the amount of air that can flow through, and excessive mucus production further obstructs the airways. Asthma is a chronic condition where the airways can become inflamed due to various triggers such as allergens, pollution, or stress.
Asthma symptoms include coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. These symptoms are a result of the narrowed airways and can vary in frequency and severity. While asthma is a long-term condition, its symptoms are often reversible with proper treatment and avoidance of triggers. It is crucial for individuals with asthma to recognize their triggers and manage their condition with appropriate medication and lifestyle adjustments.