Final answer:
Opaque materials like brick and wood have been fundamental in construction, with historical techniques giving way to modern, eco-friendly alternatives. These materials significantly affect a building's durability, texture, and environmental footprint, from traditional brick and stone to contemporary materials such as fast-drying cement and pollution-absorbing bricks.
Step-by-step explanation:
Opaque materials such as brick or wood have played significant roles throughout history in the construction of buildings. Traditionally, materials like wood, brick, stone, or mud bricks were layered to create structures, some of which, particularly those made of stone or brick, are still standing today. However, wood structures are less durable as they can suffer from rot or fire damage over time. The post and lintel system, consisting of two pillars and a horizontal element, is another historical construction method employed for large structures like those found at the Palace of Karnak.
Modern architecture, on the other hand, favors natural light, open spaces, and environmental sustainability. This has led to innovative uses for materials like fast-drying cement, resilient bamboo, and aluminum that resembles glass. There's also an advancement in eco-friendly materials, including bricks capable of absorbing air pollution and others made from recycled wood or steel.
Furthermore, the materials used in construction also significantly influence the texture perceived by both touch and sight. Not only do they provide structural integrity but they also contribute to the aesthetic and physical texture of buildings, adding depth and reality to our spaces.