Final answer:
Marxist Criticism is the literary theory that looks at how power is depicted in literature, focusing on class dynamics, social conflicts, and power structures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The kind of literary theory that focuses on determining who controls power in a literary work is Marxist Criticism. This theoretical approach investigates how literature reflects, challenges, or reinforces power structures and class dynamics within society. By examining elements such as character interactions, social contexts, and economic systems within a text, Marxist critics aim to reveal the underlying power relations and societal conflicts.
Marxist Criticism is not just about wealth and economics; it often overlaps with other forms of criticism to explore issues of gender, race, and other aspects of identity that are affected by the dynamics of power. For example, a Marxist analysis might look at how characters from different social classes are portrayed, or how the narrative itself is used to uphold or criticize the status quo. In short, Marxist Criticism can provide deep insights into the political and social messages embedded within a literary work.