Final answer:
U.S. and Filipino forces were captured by the Japanese after a fierce battle in the Philippines, leading to the infamous Bataan Death March where thousands died.
Step-by-step explanation:
The battle against the Japanese on the Philippine island led to a tragic outcome for both American and Filipino troops. After intense fighting and being overrun by Japanese forces, U.S. and Filipino forces faced a devastating defeat. General Douglas MacArthur was ordered to evacuate to Australia, leaving behind the soldiers. Subsequently, approximately 70,000 U.S. and Filipino troops were captured and endured the Bataan Death March, an 80-mile march to a POW camp without food or water, during which thousands died from harsh treatment, malnutrition, and torture.
Thus, the correct answer regarding the fate of the U.S. and Filipino troops following their engagement with the Japanese on the Philippine Islands is: (a) Both U.S. and Filipino troops were captured by the Japanese.