Final answer:
Naturalistic observation is the process of observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations, providing valid and realistic information for understanding behavior in its natural context.
Step-by-step explanation:
Naturalistic observation is the process of observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without manipulating and controlling the situation. This research approach allows researchers to study behavior in its natural context, such as observing how children behave on a playground or in their own homes. Naturalistic observation provides valid and realistic information that can be generalized to real-world situations, enhancing our understanding of human and animal behavior.