Question

According to Arthur Rubel, the condition known as susto only occurs when:

a) People experienced stress from social relations with specific people.
b) People have experienced a traumatic event.
c) People undergo stress caused by interacting with strangers.
d) People suffer the loss of a close family member.

Answer 1

Susto is a condition described by Arthur Rubel as a stress response from witnessing traumatic events in others, prevalent in Latinx communities and recognized as a culture-bound syndrome with various symptoms.

Step-by-step explanation:

According to Arthur Rubel, susto is a condition that occurs when a person experiences stress, panic, or fear caused by traumatic experiences happening to other people around them. Susto is a cultural response to trauma in Latinx communities and is often referred to as a culture-bound syndrome, specific to certain societies. It is characterized by a range of symptoms which can include but are not limited to nervousness, depression, anorexia, and fever. This syndrome was first recognized by Rubel, O'Nell, and Collado-Ardon in their 1991 publication Susto: A Folk Illness, and is distinct in that it does not necessarily coincide with a person's direct experience with trauma but can be triggered by witnessing traumatic events affecting others.