Final answer:
When students or student organizations fail to observe the standards of conduct, they may receive formal negative sanctions such as a warning or expulsion.
Step-by-step explanation:
When students or student organizations fail to observe the standards of conduct, they may face formal negative sanctions. These sanctions can include actions such as receiving a warning or being expelled. Unlike informal negative sanctions, which are more unofficial and socially enforced, formal negative sanctions are official and enforced by the school or institution. For example, if a student violates their college's code of conduct, they may be expelled as a formal negative sanction.