Final answer:
The correct SQL SELECT query to return the first and last name of each instructor, their salary, and assign each of them a number is using the ROW_NUMBER() function.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct SQL SELECT query to return the first and last name of each instructor, their salary, and assign each of them a number is:
SELECT FirstName, LastName, Salary, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY LastName) FROM Instructors;
This query uses the ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY LastName) function to assign a unique number to each record based on the order of their last names. The result will include the first name, last name, salary, and the assigned number for each instructor.