Final answer:
John Locke is the philosopher who came up with the theory that all people are born with the same rights. In his work, Two Treatises of Government, Locke argued for fundamental rights such as life, liberty, and property, stating that government should only exist with the consent of the people.
Step-by-step explanation:
The philosopher who came up with the theory that all people are born with the same rights is John Locke. In his work Two Treatises of Government, Locke argued that people have fundamental rights to life, liberty, and property. He believed that all individuals are born in a state of freedom and that government should only exist with the consent of the people, a principle known as popular sovereignty. However, it is important to note that although Locke asserted the inherent equality of all individuals, historical practices such as colonialism and slavery contradicted this interpretation of equality.