Final answer:
After mitosis, each daughter cell should have 50 chromosomes, just like the parent cell. A diploid cell has twice the number of chromosomes as a haploid cell, and during meiosis, chromosomes align randomly, which is relevant to Mendel's law of independent assortment.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a parent cell has 50 chromosomes, after mitosis, each of the daughter cells should also have 50 chromosomes. Mitosis is a process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Therefore, the correct answer is b) 50.
Addressing review question 1, a diploid cell has twice the number of chromosomes as a haploid cell. For review question 15, the cellular process underlying Mendel's law of independent assortment is that chromosomes align randomly during meiosis. Regarding question 8, if a muscle cell has 32 chromosomes, a gamete of that same organism will have 16 chromosomes as gametes are haploid. Lastly, the statement best describing the genetic content of the two daughter cells in prophase II of meiosis is a. haploid with one copy of each gene.