Final answer:
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) poses a high risk to infants, who are much more likely than adults to suffer severe complications like viral pneumonia. RSV is highly contagious and spreads through respiratory droplets and environmental surfaces. There are no specific antiviral treatments; thus, care is supportive, emphasizing hydration, rest, and hospital care if needed.
Step-by-step explanation:
Risk Factors of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is particularly common among
infants, with the majority of infections occurring by the age of 2 years. RSV is
highly contagious and can lead to severe respiratory problems like
viral pneumonia, especially in young children. Although adults can be infected,
usually exhibiting symptoms akin to the common cold, infants are at greater risk for more serious complications such as life-threatening pneumonia. RSV spreads through respiratory droplets and can survive on
environmental surfaces, increasing the chance of transmission.
In terms of treatment, due to the lack of specific antiviral therapies or vaccines for RSV-induced viral pneumonia, management primarily involves supportive care. The recommended treatment includes hydration, rest, and in more severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to provide oxygen or mechanical ventilation support.
Several factors may aggravate lung diseases and increase susceptibility to RSV infections, such as preexisting lung conditions, compromised immune systems, and exposure to secondhand smoke. It is crucial to maintain good hygiene, such as regular hand washing, and to avoid close contact with infected individuals to reduce the risk of RSV transmission.