Final answer:
Copper IUDs are effective contraceptives but may cause increased menstrual bleeding, cramps, and, though rare, uterine expulsion or perforation. They are not associated with increased risks of systemic conditions like stroke or heart attack.
Step-by-step explanation:
Copper IUDs are highly effective forms of contraception but come with potential adverse effects. Users may experience increased menstrual bleeding and more painful menstrual cramps. Although rare, there are risks such as uterine expulsion and perforation of the uterus.
It is important to note, contrasting some misconceptions, copper IUDs do not increase the risk of stroke, heart attack, or cancers as might be associated with hormonal contraceptives. When weighing contraceptive options, these risks should be considered alongside the benefits of effectiveness and long-term fertility return post-removal. It's essential for individuals to consult with their healthcare provider to understand personal risks and benefits fully.