Final answer:
Eliphaz's theory of suffering suggests that suffering is a consequence of sin and divine correction.
Step-by-step explanation:
The popular theory of suffering presented by Eliphaz in Job 4:1-11 is one that suggests suffering is the consequence of sin and is used by God to correct human behavior. This perspective can be seen as a direct retribution theory, where personal suffering is a result of one's own wrongdoing and serves as a form of divine discipline or punishment. Eliphaz's view reflects a common ancient belief that there is a cause-and-effect relationship between sin and suffering.