Final answer:
The correct answer is d) Base Rate Fallacy. Individuals tend to attribute greater stability to results obtained from small samples, violating the base rate fallacy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is d) Base Rate Fallacy.
The base rate fallacy refers to the tendency to ignore the base rate (prior probability) of an event when considering new evidence. In this case, individuals are attributing greater stability to results obtained from small samples, which violates the base rate fallacy.
For example, imagine a study that claims a new drug has a high success rate based on a small sample size of 10 patients. Ignoring the fact that the success rate of similar drugs in larger populations is actually low, attributing greater stability to the results from the small sample violates the base rate fallacy.