Final answer:
The correct answer is option D) Abd al-Malik.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question is D) Abd al-Malik. He introduced new coinage that included quotations from the Qur'an, which marked a significant shift from the earlier Islamic coinage that often featured figural imagery. This change occurred around the year 697 CE, moving away from coins modeled on Byzantine and Sasanian prototypes with images such as the standing caliph type, replacing them with coins that had religious inscriptions in Arabic, including the date and mint's location.
The uniform coinage articulated the new faith and political authority and also facilitated trade by providing a single currency with standardized iconography and denominations.