Final answer:
Base flow is when groundwater leaves an aquifer by flowing into a stream or coming to the surface as a spring. Adding water to a recharge area effectively increases the amount of groundwater. Excessive withdrawal can lead to a cone of depression in the water table around wells.
Step-by-step explanation:
When groundwater leaves the aquifer by exiting to the surface as a spring or flowing into a stream, it is called Base flow. Base flow refers to the portion of the streamflow that is sustained by the natural discharge of groundwater. If you add water to a recharge area, the practical effect would be an increased amount of groundwater (A). As for the removal of groundwater, a potential effect could be the development of a cone of depression around a well where the local water table has dropped as water is withdrawn faster than it is replenished.