Final answer:
The Central Asian trading city attacked by the Umayyads was Bukhara, a key hub on the Silk Road in what is today's Uzbekistan.
Step-by-step explanation:
Central Asian Trading City Attacked by the Umayyads
The Central Asian trading city that was attacked by the Umayyads was D) Bukhara. Located in modern-day Uzbekistan, Bukhara was an integral part of the Silk Roads, serving as a significant hub for trade and culture for centuries. During the Umayyad period, this area was of strategic importance as the Islamic rule expanded over broader territories. Bukhara, along with Samarkand, were central in connecting the eastern and western extents of the Silk Road under the influence of various empires, including the Sogdians and later the Muslims. Despite various attempts at expansion and conquest, the city remained a thriving point of exchange and intellectual activity for many years.