Final answer:
The one-way diffusion to Europeans during the Crusades was due to Europeans being exposed to knowledge and technologies from the Middle East, which influenced their future exploration efforts and the shift to maritime trade routes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The one-way diffusion of knowledge and technology from the Middle East to Europeans during the Crusades primarily occurred because Europeans were exposed to new knowledge and technologies from the Middle East. While Europeans had motivations such as spreading Christianity, they were also influenced by the need to find alternative trade routes due to the difficulties and expenses they faced with the traditional Silk Road, which was heavily taxed and controlled by Muslim middlemen. The Europeans' exposure to eastern goods and cultures during the Crusades further fueled their interest in exploration, prompting them to seek new routes to Asia and, eventually, the Americas.
Crusading in the Baltic and Iberian Peninsula, the contact with advanced Islamic and Eastern civilizations, and the revelation of the richness of the East all contributed to the changing European ambitions and strategies. After encountering difficulties with overland trade routes, European exploration efforts intensified, leading to the maritime expeditions that ultimately discovered new worlds.