Final answer:
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) occurs as a rare but potentially life-threatening side effect of antipsychotic medications. It is characterized by symptoms like hyperthermia (high fever), muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction. Early recognition and immediate withdrawal of the offending drug are crucial in managing NMS.
Step-by-step explanation:
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) occurs as a rare but potentially life-threatening side effect of antipsychotic medications. It typically occurs as a result of using high-potency neuroleptic drugs, such as haloperidol, which affect the dopaminergic system in the brain. NMS is characterized by symptoms like hyperthermia (high fever), muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction.
The onset of NMS can vary but it is most commonly seen within the first few weeks of starting treatment with neuroleptic medication or within hours to days after a dose increase. It can also occur if the medication is abruptly stopped. Early recognition and immediate withdrawal of the offending drug are crucial in managing NMS.