Final answer:
The endogenous pain modulation pathway is known as the descending pain pathway. It modulates pain signals that are primarily conveyed through the spinothalamic tract. Nociceptors are responsible for transducing pain stimuli, sending the signals via the spinothalamic tract to the brain.
Step-by-step explanation:
The endogenous pain modulation pathway is also called the descending pain pathway. This system is involved in the suppression of pain by sending signals from the brain down the spinal cord to interfere with pain signals ascending through the spinothalamic tract. The spinothalamic tract is one of the major ascending pathways responsible for conveying pain and temperature sensations from the periphery to the brain. In contrast, the descending pain pathway can inhibit or modulate the transmission of these pain signals, thereby impacting the experience of pain.
The type of receptor cell responsible for transducing pain stimuli is the nociceptor, which is sensitive to potentially damaging stimuli that result in the perception of pain. These nociceptors convey signals primarily through the spinothalamic tract, which decussates, or crosses over, at the level of the spinal cord from where the information entered, and then ascends contralaterally to the brain.