Final answer:
The protein binding percentage for IV induction agents listed from highest to lowest is thiopental, propofol, etomidate, and ketamine, with thiopental having the highest due to its lipid solubility.
Step-by-step explanation:
The protein binding percentage of intravenous induction agents is an important pharmacokinetic parameter that influences their duration of action and effect. The agents mentioned, namely propofol, thiopental (a type of barbiturate), etomidate, and ketamine, are all well-known for their use in inducing anesthesia.
Typically the protein binding capacity of these agents is in the following order from greatest to least: thiopental, propofol, etomidate, and then ketamine. Thiopental, being highly lipid-soluble, binds extensively to proteins, particularly albumin, thus it has the highest protein binding percentage among these agents. Propofol also has a high degree of protein binding but less than thiopental. Etomidate and ketamine have lower protein binding capacities when compared to thiopental and propofol.
Considering the pharmacological characteristics, such as hydrophobicity and the presence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains, it becomes evident that the structural differences among these induction agents contribute to their distinct protein binding profiles and their individual efficacy and safety profiles during anesthetic management.
Therefore, the correct order from greatest to least protein binding percentage would be: thiopental, propofol, etomidate, ketamine.
The sequence from highest to lowest protein binding percentage among IV induction agents is thiopental, propofol, etomidate, ketamine. Thiopental has the highest protein binding due to its lipid solubility, followed by propofol, with etomidate and ketamine having lower protein binding capacities.