Final answer:
Phosphodiesterase is the enzyme responsible for deactivating cAMP by converting it into AMP, thus ending the signal transduction process.
Step-by-step explanation:
The enzyme that deactivates cyclic AMP (cAMP) is phosphodiesterase. It hydrolyzes cAMP into adenosine monophosphate (AMP), thereby terminating the signaling cascade initiated by hormones like epinephrine and glucagon.