Final answer:
Option A. Systematic desensitization and flooding are behavioral therapies. Carl Rogers promoted genuineness, empathy, and unconditional positive regard in his client-centered approach, which is distinct from structuralism or functionalism.
Step-by-step explanation:
Systematic desensitization and "flooding" are behavioral therapies. These techniques are used to treat phobias and anxiety disorders by gradually exposing clients to the feared object or situations in a controlled way, in the case of systematic desensitization, or by intensive exposure in the case of flooding.
As for the teachings of Carl Rogers, he believed that providing genuineness, empathy, and unconditional positive regard to clients was critical to their being able to deal with their problems. This approach is a hallmark of client-centered or person-centered therapy, which is not associated with structuralism or functionalism but instead is rooted in the humanistic tradition of psychology. Therefore, neither structuralism (a) nor functionalism (b) would be the correct answer to Rogers' belief.