Final answer:
A centrifuge is the machine used to achieve blood sample separation in one minute. It rotates specimens of different densities to separate them quickly with high centripetal acceleration.
Step-by-step explanation:
A centrifuge is the machine that achieves blood sample separation in just one minute. It is a rotating device used to separate specimens of different densities. The high centripetal acceleration in a centrifuge significantly decreases the time it takes for separation to occur, making it possible to separate small samples quickly.