Final answer:
Before participating in an experiment, individuals should read and sign an informed consent, ensuring that they are fully aware of the research procedures and risks.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question of what individuals should read and sign before participating in an experiment is a. informed consent. Informed consent is a process through which participants are fully informed about the procedures and risks involved in a research study before they agree to participate. It ensures that participants are making a knowledgeable decision to volunteer for the research. Signing an informed consent form is mandatory in most research studies involving human subjects to comply with ethical standards.