Final answer:
The ship John Cabot sailed on during his first exploration was the Matthew.
Step-by-step explanation:
John Cabot, an Italian navigator and explorer, embarked on his first voyage to the New World in 1497. He sailed on a ship named the Matthew. This voyage was significant as it marked England's entry into the age of exploration. Cabot claimed land in Newfoundland for King Henry VII, laying the groundwork for England's future claims and colonization efforts in North America. The correct answer to the question about the name of the ship John Cabot took on his first exploration is d) Matthew.