Final answer:
John Cabot became a Venetian citizen in 1496, which preceded his notable voyages, leading to the claim of Newfoundland for England. Pedro Cabral was the first explorer to claim Brazil for Portugal.
Step-by-step explanation:
John Cabot's Venetian Citizenship and Exploration
John Cabot officially became a Venetian citizen in the year 1496. This was a significant year in his life, as he would soon embark on a voyage that led to the European discovery of parts of North America. Sponsored by Henry VII of England, Cabot claimed Newfoundland on behalf of England in 1497. This claim later served as a basis for England's efforts in North American colonization. Cabot's contribution to maritime exploration was notable, despite England's subsequent temporary loss of interest in overseas ventures due to domestic issues.
The first explorer to reach Brazil and claim it for the throne of Portugal was Pedro Cabral. This event marked the beginning of Portuguese presence in South America, which significantly expanded European exploration and subsequent colonization.