Question

"Give two ways in which anaerobic respiration of glucose in yeast is

(i) similar to anaerobic respiration of glucose in a muscle cell;
(ii) different from anaerobic respiration of glucose in a muscle cell. (4)"
a) Anaerobic respiration in yeast and muscle cells is similar in that both produce oxygen.
b) Anaerobic respiration in yeast and muscle cells is different because yeast produces ethanol while muscles produce lactic acid.
c) Anaerobic respiration in yeast and muscle cells is similar in that both produce carbon dioxide.
d) Anaerobic respiration in yeast and muscle cells is different because muscle cells produce ethanol while yeast produces lactic acid.

Answer 1

Both yeast and muscle cells perform anaerobic respiration through glycolysis and produce CO2, but they differ in the end product with yeast producing ethanol and muscle cells producing lactic acid.

Step-by-step explanation:

Anaerobic respiration of glucose in both yeast cells and muscle cells is the process by which these cells generate energy in the absence of oxygen. This process begins with glycolysis, which is the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate, yielding a small amount of energy in the form of ATP.

Similarities

(i) One similarity is that both processes do not require oxygen (anaerobic) and both produce carbon dioxide as a byproduct.

Differences

(ii) A key difference between the two processes is the end product of the anaerobic respiration. Yeast cells perform alcoholic fermentation, converting pyruvate into ethanol and releasing carbon dioxide, while muscle cells perform lactic acid fermentation, converting pyruvate into lactic acid with no release of carbon dioxide in this step. Therefore, statements a) and d) of the given options are incorrect.