Final answer:
The correct answer is option b) The British capture of Washington, D.C.
Step-by-step explanation:
If we examine the context of the American Revolution and War of 1812, British forces capturing fortified positions denote military advancement and momentum for the British. However, in this case, the direct outcome isn't immediately clear from the cause stated, as several events included British victories over American defenses.
Given the provided options, the aftermath of the British overrun described likely does not refer to the signing of the Treaty of Ghent nor the emergence of General Robert Ross as a hero, as these are more closely related to the War of 1812. Likewise, the Battle of Saratoga was a turning point in the American Revolutionary War but was an American victory that leads to significant French support, rather than a British success.
On the more fitting side, the British capture of Washington, D.C. is an aftermath that corresponds to the occurrence of British forces overwhelming American defenses, as was the case in 1814 during the War of 1812 leading up to the burning of Washington.