Final answer:
Tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, residual volume, and minute volume are all respiratory volumes that describe different aspects of breathing.
Step-by-step explanation:
Tidal volume refers to the amount of air that enters the lungs during quiet breathing, while inspiratory reserve volume is the extra amount of air that can be inhaled beyond the tidal volume. Expiratory reserve volume is the extra amount of air that can be exhaled forcefully after a normal exhalation.
Residual volume is the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a maximal exhalation. Anatomical dead space refers to the air in the respiratory structures that does not participate in gas exchange. Minute volume is the total amount of air that is moved in and out of the lungs in one minute and is calculated by multiplying the tidal volume by the respiratory rate.