Final answer:
The various storage/persistence levels in Spark are Memory, Disk, and Memory and Disk. According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory, information must pass through Sensory Memory, Short-Term Memory, and Long-Term Memory for storage.
Step-by-step explanation:
The various storage/persistence levels in Spark are: a. Disk, Tape, and Optical b. Memory, Disk, and Memory and Disk c. RAM, CPU, and GPU d. Input, Output, and Processing
According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory, information passes through three distinct stages in order for it to be stored in long-term memory. These stages are Sensory Memory, Short-Term Memory, and Long-Term Memory. Sensory Memory retains sensory information for a brief time. Short-Term Memory holds information temporarily, and Long-Term Memory is the final stage where memories are stored for a longer duration.
In relation to the question asked, the correct answer is b. Memory, Disk, and Memory and Disk. Memory refers to the storage of data in RAM, which is fast but volatile. Disk refers to the storage of data on physical hard drives or SSDs, which is slower but persistent. Finally, Memory and Disk refers to a combination of storing data in both RAM and disk for a balance of speed and persistence.