Final answer:
Isoflurane typically decreases blood pressure due to vascular smooth muscle relaxation, increases cerebral blood flow via cerebrovascular dilation, and may increase intracranial pressure which is a concern in neurosurgery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effects of Isoflurane on blood pressure (BP), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and intracranial pressure (ICP) are significant in the context of anesthesia and surgical procedures. Isoflurane, like other volatile anesthetics such as desflurane and sevoflurane, is commonly used due to its efficacy and safety profile.
When administered, Isoflurane typically causes a decrease in systemic BP due to the relaxation of vascular smooth muscles. However, it increases CBF because of cerebrovascular dilation. This vasodilation can also lead to an increase in ICP, which may be a concern during neurosurgical procedures where maintaining a low ICP is critical.