Final answer:
The inmate who set fire to mattresses in jail causing death could face charges of arson and involuntary manslaughter or murder, with specific charges being based on particular details of the incident and legal precedents.
Step-by-step explanation:
When an inmate sets four mattresses on fire in jail leading to a person's death, the inmate can be charged with arson and involuntary manslaughter or possibly murder, depending on the jurisdiction and the specific circumstances of the case. Arson refers to the willful and malicious setting of fire to property, and involuntary manslaughter can refer to an unintentional killing that results from recklessness or criminal negligence.
The determination of the exact charges can be complex and would typically be made based on the evidence available and the inmate's intent. The legal precedents including cases of violence or death within prison settings, as well as historical examples of punishment for such acts, can also play a role in the charging decision.