Final answer:
The procedure to turn the fetus during delivery is called Cephalic Version, usually performed to correct non-optimal positions like breech presentation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effort made by physicians to turn the fetus during delivery is known as B) Cephalic Version. This procedure is often used when a fetus is in a non-optimal position for vaginal birth, such as in a breech presentation where the infant is oriented buttocks down. It is less common today for breech deliveries to occur vaginally; most are accomplished by Caesarean section. The most common and easiest presentation for vaginal birth is the vertex presentation, specifically the occiput anterior vertex, where the fetus faces the maternal spinal cord and the smallest part of the head enters the birth canal first.
Stages of Childbirth
The process of childbirth is divided into three stages: early cervical dilation, expulsion of the newborn, and delivery of the placenta and associated fetal membranes. During the expulsion stage, orientation of the fetus significantly affects the duration and ease of birth.