Final answer:
The term for an abnormal condition of the body that prevents normal function is 'disease.' Diseases can result from infections by pathogens, genetics, environmental causes, or immune responses. Pathogens, including bacteria and viruses, are common disease agents, but not all diseases are linked to pathogens.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that refers to an abnormal condition of all or part of the body, making it incapable of carrying on normal function, is disease. A disease indicates that the normal structure or functions of the body are impaired. This can be due to many factors, including infections by pathogens like bacteria and viruses, genetic mutations, noninfectious environmental causes, or an inappropriate immune response. While the term pathogen relates to a living thing or virus that causes disease, not all diseases are caused by pathogens.
For instance, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and certain genetic disorders may result from non-pathogenic causes. Nonetheless, infectious diseases caused by pathogens such as tuberculosis (TB), malaria, and HIV/AIDS remain significant global health concerns, often exacerbated by drug-resistant strains and environmental factors such as pollution.