Final answer:
Correctly performing CPR on an infant involves using two fingers to apply pressure on the sternum just below the nipple line, at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute. Adequate training is essential to avoid serious injuries like broken ribs or liver damage.
Step-by-step explanation:
In performing CPR on an infant, it is crucial to apply pressure correctly on the sternum to avoid injury. For adults and children, the correct hand position for chest compressions during CPR is on the sternum between the vertical lines of T4 and T9. In contrast, for infants, the technique is slightly different. One must use two fingers to compress the chest at least one-third the depth of the chest, approximately 4cm, and the correct placement of fingers is just below the nipple line in the center of the chest. First, ensure the infant is on a firm, flat surface. Then align your fingers with the infant's breastbone and compress at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
Performing CPR improperly can lead to severe injuries, including broken ribs, a broken sternum, and potentially fatal damage if the hands are positioned too low and the xiphoid process is driven into the liver. Attending a certified CPR course offered by organizations such as the American Red Cross can help prevent these issues and provide the skills necessary to correctly perform CPR on individuals of different ages, including infants.