The chemical and physical properties of elements are related to their electron arrangement. Valence electrons determine the chemical reactivity of elements in the same group on the periodic table. Physical properties like conductivity and melting point are also related to electron arrangement.
The chemical and physical properties of elements are related to their electron arrangement. The number and arrangement of electrons in an atom's energy levels, or electron shells, determine how the atom will interact with other atoms and what physical properties it will have.
For example, the chemical reactivity of elements in the same group on the periodic table is determined by the number of valence electrons they have. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom. Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of valence electrons.
Another example is the classification of elements into metals, nonmetals, and metalloids based on their physical properties. Metals generally have a lustrous appearance, high melting and boiling points, and are good conductors of heat and electricity. These properties are related to the arrangement of electrons in the atom's energy levels.