Question

In which order can the nurse anticipate the health care provider administering, or asking for the administration of, medications to a hypotensive patient experiencing anaphylaxis?

Answer 1

For anaphylactic treatment, epinephrine is the first-line medication given to reverse hypotension and other severe symptoms. Follow-up treatment typically includes antihistamines and corticosteroids to manage the continuing symptoms.

Step-by-step explanation:

Anaphylaxis Treatment Order

For a hypotensive patient experiencing anaphylaxis, healthcare providers typically administer medications in a specific sequence to quickly reverse the life-threatening symptoms. The first-line treatment for anaphylaxis is epinephrine, which is critical for countering the severe drop in blood pressure and helping to relax the smooth muscles in the lungs. This medication constricts blood vessels to augment blood pressure, improves breathing, regulates heart rate, and reduces airway swelling.

Once epinephrine has been administered and the immediate threat is managed, follow-up treatment usually includes antihistamines and corticosteroids to address ongoing symptoms and prevent late-phase reactions. Although the efficacy of these secondary treatments is not fully established, they are commonly used based on theoretical benefits. Hospitals may provide this treatment intravenously or in oral form, depending on the patient's condition and available resources.

It is essential for individuals with known severe allergies to carry an epinephrine auto-injector, such as an EpiPen®, at all times for self-administration in the event of exposure to an allergen. This temporary measure can sustain the patient long enough to seek comprehensive medical attention.