Final answer:
ICD codes are maintained by the WHO and are used in healthcare locations like medical records and death certificates for diagnosis, treatment, and statistical purposes.
Step-by-step explanation:
ICD code sets, which play a crucial role in healthcare, are based on a system maintained by the World Health Organization (WHO). The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is used across various sectors in healthcare such as clinical fields, medical laboratories, and health-care management systems. Two locations where one would likely find an ICD code include medical records at healthcare facilities and on death certificates, where they are used to record the cause of death.
For example, clinicians use ICD codes to order the appropriate laboratory tests and prescribe treatments for a viral infection. These codes also assist medical coders and billers in processing claims, and epidemiologists use these codes to calculate morbidity and mortality statistics. Thus, ICD codes integrate various aspects of healthcare, from diagnosis to billing and public health surveillance.