Final answer:
A clerical assistant should adjust the height of their work area, face in the direction of the activity, and use their large leg muscles to lift objects to minimize musculoskeletal damage. Avoid twisting the spine and maintain good posture for overall health.
Step-by-step explanation:
To minimize damage to his musculoskeletal system, a clerical assistant who spends most of his day at a desk should consider several ergonomic and postural adjustments. Holding one's breath while lifting is not recommended; instead, one should breathe normally to ensure adequate oxygen flow to the muscles. Adjusting the height of the work area is crucial to maintain a neutral posture, with the arms and hands at the level of the elbows and the top of the monitor at eye level to avoid strain on the neck and shoulders.
Facing in the direction of the activity being performed helps to avoid twisting the spine, which can lead to muscle strain and discomfort. When it is necessary to lift objects, adopting a wide stance and lifting with the large leg muscles—instead of the back—reduces the risk of injury. This approach ensures that the lifting force comes from the legs, which are more equipped to handle heavy loads, rather than straining the more delicate structures of the back.
Understanding the forces exerted by muscles, promoting good posture to prevent back strain, and utilizing appropriate body mechanics are all fundamental for workplace health. Remember that most of our muscles are attached close to joints, which helps facilitate movement with less stress on the body when good posture is maintained.