Final answer:
Thiazide diuretics are medications used to treat conditions such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, and fluid retention. They work by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions in the kidneys, leading to increased urine output.
Step-by-step explanation:
Thiazide Diuretic Indications
Thiazide diuretics are a type of medication used to treat conditions such as hypertension (high blood pressure), congestive heart failure, and fluid retention associated with menstruation. They work by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions in the kidneys, which leads to increased urine output.
Some examples of thiazide diuretics include chlorothiazide (Diuril), chlorthalidone (Hygroton), hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix, Hydrodiuril), and indapamide (Lozol).
Thiazide diuretics are typically used as a second-line treatment after ACE inhibitors in patients with heart failure who are not responding adequately to initial therapy.