Final answer:
Valproic acid is an anticonvulsant used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder, with benefits in long-term prognosis and reduction of brain damage risk. However, its significant side effects can include increased risks of colon cancer, osteoporosis, and other health issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
Valproic Acid Side Effects
Valproic acid, also known as valproate, is a medication primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder. It functions as an anticonvulsant to help manage seizures. While it has benefits in improving long term prognosis and reducing the risk of brain damage, its use is not without risks. It's important for patients and healthcare providers to be aware of its potential negative side effects.
Some of the significant side effects associated with valproic acid include an increased risk of several health conditions. These may consist of colon cancer, osteoporosis, heart disease, macular degeneration, and possibly depression. These complications underscore the importance of monitoring patients closely when they are on valproic acid therapy and considering these risks when choosing the best treatment plan.
Diazepam is another anticonvulsant sometimes used in emergency situations for actively seizing patients. Unlike valproic acid, diazepam is not usually self-administered due to its immediate application in acute seizure cases.