Final answer:
The hypoxic drive is regulated by peripheral chemoreceptors located in the carotid body, which stimulate changes in respiratory activity in response to significant drops in blood oxygen levels.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is option: Hypoxic drive results from sensors located in the carotid body on the interior of the carotid artery. These peripheral chemoreceptors detect large changes in blood oxygen levels and are part of the body's mechanism to regulate respiratory rate through the respiratory centers in the medulla of the brainstem.
When oxygen levels fall significantly, these chemoreceptors stimulate an increase in respiratory activity. However, it's important to note that the primary driver of respiration is the level of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood.
Central chemoreceptors, located in the brain and brainstem, respond to changes in CO2 concentration and pH changes within the cerebrospinal fluid, influencing the respiratory rate and depth to maintain homeostasis.
The correct answer is option Biology.
The body regulates the respiratory rate by the use of chemoreceptors, which primarily use CO₂ as a signal. Peripheral blood sensors are found in the walls of the aorta and carotid arteries.
These sensors signal the brain to provide immediate adjustments to the respiratory rate if CO₂ levels rise or fall. Yet other sensors are found in the brain itself.
Changes in the pH of CSF affect the respiratory center in the medulla oblongata, which can directly modulate breathing rate to bring the pH back into the normal range.