Final answer:
An isotonic intravenous fluid is likely to be ordered for a client with kidney disease to match the osmolarity of body fluids and maintain cellular and vascular stability without causing hemolysis or crenation of red blood cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
For a client admitted with kidney disease, the type of intravenous fluid that is likely to be ordered is typically isotonic. Isotonic solutions have the same osmolarity as body fluids, which means they contain a balance of water and electrolytes, such as sodium chloride, that match the concentration found in blood and cells. This prevents any net movement of water into or out of cells, maintaining cellular and vascular stability. It is crucial that intravenous fluids do not alter the osmotic balance, so as to avoid causing cell shrinkage (hypertonic solutions) or swelling and lysis (hypotonic solutions).
Common isotonic solutions include normal saline and lactated Ringer's solution, both of which are regularly used in medical settings to treat dehydration without disrupting the osmotic balance. Using isotonic solutions also ensures that red blood cells maintain their shape and functionality as they are not subjected to osmotic stress that could cause hemolysis or crenation.