Final answer:
When administering insulin by continuous IV infusion for diabetic ketoacidosis, the nurse should mix the insulin with Dextrose 5% in water (option 1) , flush the IV tubing (option 2), and use a pump to administer (option 3) the insulin to ensure accurate dosing and control.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nurse is preparing to administer regular insulin by continuous IV infusion to a client with diabetic ketoacidosis. The correct actions the nurse should take include mixing the insulin with Dextrose 5% in water to provide a stable glucose level, and flushing the IV tubing with the insulin solution to ensure accurate dosing. It is also important to use a pump or controller to accurately control the rate of insulin administration, contrary to what the question suggests about avoiding a pump or controller. However, mixing insulin with Ringer's lactate is not the typical practice for treating diabetic ketoacidosis because Ringer's lactate contains potassium, which may not be needed and can complicate treatment unless the patient is also hypokalemic.
A person who is diabetic and uses insulin can initiate ketoacidosis if a dose of insulin is missed. This is particularly crucial for individuals with type 1 diabetes. Insulin injections allow for the transport and storage of glucose to decrease blood glucose levels after consuming a meal, helping to manage blood sugar levels and prevent complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis.