Final answer:
Osteoarthritis is a chronic condition characterized by degenerative changes in cartilage leading to inflammation and pain in the joints, often managed with lifestyle changes, medication, and potentially surgery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The chronic inflammation of bones and joints due to degenerative changes in cartilage is best described by osteoarthritis. This condition is commonly associated with aging and the "wear and tear" of articular cartilage. Risk factors for developing osteoarthritis include physical labor, certain sports activities, joint injuries, and being overweight, all of which place stress on the cartilage leading to its gradual thinning. As the condition progresses, it causes the articular cartilage layer to wear down, increasing pressure on the bones and leading to joint pain and inflammation.
The underlying bone tissue can thicken and become irregular, exacerbating pain during joint movement. Although there is no cure for osteoarthritis, management includes lifestyle changes like weight loss and low-impact exercise, medications for pain and inflammation, and possibly joint replacement surgery in severe cases.