Final answer:
The correct option is D. Impaired vision does not directly predict dying at a younger-than-average age, in contrast to obesity, short telomeres, and a high allostatic load, which are linked to health risks and shorter lifespans. Lifestyle choices and health care also play a role in longevity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The physical indicator that does not predict dying at a younger-than-average age from the options provided is impaired vision. Obesity, short telomeres, and a high allostatic load (stress load on the body) are all associated with potential health risks that can lead to shorter lifespans. Obesity is linked to higher risks of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers. Short telomeres are associated with cellular aging and have been linked to various diseases and early mortality. A high allostatic load indicates chronic stress which can harm one's health in various ways, potentially leading to premature death.
Conversely, impaired vision is not typically a direct indicator of reduced life expectancy, although it can have a substantial impact on the quality of life. It is important, however, to recognize that each individual's situation can differ, and lifestyle choices, such as diet and exercise, along with health care expenditures can have significant effects on longevity.