Final answer:
An ophthalmologist is a medical doctor specialized in eye diseases, capable of performing eye exams, surgeries, and treating various eye conditions like glaucoma and cataracts.
Step-by-step explanation:
A physician who specializes in the study and treatment of diseases associated with the eyes is known as an ophthalmologist. Ophthalmologists are medical doctors who have completed college and medical school, followed by a residency in ophthalmology. They are trained to perform eye exams, diagnose and treat diseases, prescribe medications, and perform eye surgeries. Conditions such as glaucoma, cataracts, and macular degeneration are some examples of what these specialists may treat.