Final answer:
Glaucoma causes vision loss due to increased intraocular pressure from fluid accumulation, and can be treated with acetazolamide, which reduces fluid formation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Glaucoma is a disease that causes vision loss. It is a condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the lens of the eye, leading to increased intraocular pressure. This pressure can damage the optic nerve, resulting in vision impairment or loss. Treatment for glaucoma often includes medications like acetazolamide, which competitively inhibits the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. Inhibition of this enzyme reduces fluid formation in the eye and promotes the release of more water through the urine, thereby lowering eye pressure.