Final answer:
Emesis refers to (D) vomiting, a condition managed by the area postrema of the brain and can be caused by various irritants or illnesses such as the flu, food poisoning, and motion sickness.
Step-by-step explanation:
Emesis is the medical term used to report vomiting. It is a process regulated by the area postrema of the brain and involves the forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth. Emesis can be triggered by various stimuli including irritants affecting the digestive system such as viruses, bacteria, food poisoning, and emotional responses. It is often accompanied by other symptoms like nausea, abdominal pain, and dehydration, particularly if the vomiting is severe and persistent.
Cases of acute gastroenteritis often present with excessive bouts of emesis and diarrhea. If you come down with an illness like the flu, you're likely to experience emesis as a result of your body's attempt to rid itself of the offending agent. Besides infections, other possible causes of vomiting include motion sickness, which arises from conflicting signals between the visual and vestibular systems, with key responses coordinated by the brain's autonomic system and nuclei connections.